溶連菌や夏かぜ、2倍超の子どもの感染症も コロナ5類移行から1年

溶連菌や夏かぜ、2倍超の子どもの感染症も コロナ5類移行から1年

校庭の手洗い場で手を洗う児童たち=2022年1月18日午後1時19分、東京都新宿区、恵原弘太郎撮影

 新型コロナウイルスが、昨年5月に感染症法の5類に移行し、8日で1年となる。複数の感染の「波」が訪れたが、全体的に医療が逼迫(ひっぱく)する状況とはならなかった。一方で、一部の子どもの感染症は過去と比べ2~3倍程度の感染者数が報告されており、例年とは違う様相を示している。

【写真】小児外来に異変 コロナ下で免疫持てぬ子、変わる感染の波

 国立感染症研究所によると、4月22~28日の定点あたりの感染者数は、A群溶血性レンサ球菌(溶連菌)咽頭(いんとう)炎が4・66人、アデノウイルスによる咽頭結膜熱が0・70人、RSウイルスが1・73人。過去10年の平均と比較すると、溶連菌は2・4倍、咽頭結膜熱は1・9倍だ。RSウイルスは2018年に定点報告となってからの6年平均と比べ3・1倍だ。

 いずれも子どもに多く見られる感染症だ。溶連菌は例年、新学期となる4~5月ごろに増える傾向にあり、夏かぜの代表でもあるアデノウイルスによる咽頭結膜熱も今後増加する可能性がある。

 RSウイルスは21~23年はコロナ前と比べて2~4歳以上の割合が高かったが、24年は0歳の占める割合が高くなっている。感染研は、乳幼児などでは重症化リスクが高まるため、手洗いなどの感染対策の徹底を呼びかけている。

 感染症の専門家は5類移行後の感染対策の変化や、コロナ下で感染せずに免疫が得られなかったことの影響を指摘する。

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